Bio 1611 Extra Credit Assignment - Refer to Study Guide and Chapter 10 of Textbook - Dr. J.V. Aliff
 

INSTRUCTIONS - Part 1

Highlight the answers in bold font.

Load Interactive Physiology Muscular System CD-ROM disk into the computer

Double Click on Interactive Physiology Muscular System

Click Anatomy Review and Read Page 1, 2 and 3 after doing Exercises

Which muscle types are controlled involuntarily? ___________ and _____________.

Click Center Forward Arrow to pg. 4 and 5 after doing Exercises

Name the origin and insertion of the brachialis muscles illustrated.
_____________   and  _______________

Click Center Forward Arrow to pg. 8, 9, 10 and 11 after doing Exercises

List the parts of a muscle from large unit to small units.
______________
______________
______________
______________

Click to pg. 12

Click at Far Right Arrow to Return to Menu

Click Neuromuscular Junction

Click Forward to pg. 2 and 3 after doing Exercises

Muscle cells are innervated by _________(functional type) neurons whose cell bodies occur in the _______ _______.

Click to pg. 4 after doing Exercise
The ____tubules penetrate into the muscle fiber.

A sarcomere extends from one ____ to another.

Click Forward to pg. 5 after doing Exercise

The neurotransmitter _______causes the sarcolemma and T tubule extensions to __________-polarize (de-, re-, hyper-, resting -choose one).

Click Forward to pg. 6 after doing Exercise

When the action potential arrives at the axon terminal, ______channels open at the knob.

Click Forward to pg. 7 after doing Exercise

The synaptic vesicles empty _______ into the synaptic cleft.

Click Forward to pg. 8, and 9 after doing Exercises

When Ach attaches to its _________, Na+ cation channels open.

Click Forward to pg. 10 after doing Exercise

Ach is removed from the synaptic cleft by _____________________.

Click Forward to pg. 11 and 12 after doing Exercises

After the action potential spreads down the T tubules, ________ions move out of the ____________(organelle).

Click Forward to pg.13, 14, and 15 after doing Exercises

Click on far Right Arrow to Return to Menu

Click on Sliding Filament Theory

Click Forward to pg. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 after doing Exercises

The myosin molecule has ____________(# and structures) that have binding sites for __________   and _________________.

Click Forward to pg. 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 after doing Exercises

Before a muscle fiber depolarizes, ___________covers the binding sites for the myosin heads to actin.

Click Forward to pg.14 and 15 after doing Exercises

____ions bind to ___________to move the tropomyosin strands.

Click Forward to pg.17, 18, 19 and 20 after doing Exercises

Cross bridges are energized by the hydrolysis of __________.

Click Forward to pg. 21 and 22 after doing Exercises

What causes the cross bridge/heads to disconnect?
________________________________________________

Click Forward to pg. 23, 24, 25 and 26 after doing Exercises

Click Forward to pg. 27 and Review

The H zone _________(lengthens, shortens, stays the same - choose one) while the sarcomere contracts.

Click Far Right Arrow to return to Menu

Click on Muscle Metabolism

Click to pg. 2, 3, and 4 after doing Exercises

ATP stores energy in ______(high, low, or stable - choose one) energy ________(chemical type) bonds.

Click to pg. 5 after doing Exercise

ATP breaks down to yield __________, ___________ and ____________.

Click Forward to pg. 6, 7, and 8 after doing Exercises

Muscle fibers use three processes to generate ATP, they are:
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________

Click to pg. 9 after doing Exercise

Creatine phosphate is used up __________(quickly, slowly or not at all - choose one) in strenuous muscle activity.

Click Forward to pg.10 after doing Exercise

The principle food material for all cells is ______________.

Click Forward to pg. 11 and 12 after doing Exercises

Glycolysis break down glucose into __________and _____________ The complete fermentation of glucose in muscle fibers produces ___________. This process is ___________(anaerobic, aerobic, or inner mitochondrial - choose one). _______(#) ATPs are made per glucose.

Click Forward to pg.13 after doing Exercise

List two sources of oxygen for skeletal muscle fibers:
________________    and    __________________.

Click Forward to pg.14 after doing Exercise

Inside the ___________(organelle) the Bridge, the Kreb’s cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation can generate _______(#) ATPs and the waste products __________ and ____________.

Click to pg.15 and Review

Click Forward to pg.16 and 17 after doing Exercises

____________waste is generated from anaerobic metabolism.

Click Forward to pg.18 after doing Exercise

The more lactic acid, the more _______ _________ and _____________
result.

Click Forward to pg.19 after doing Exercise

To get to the Kreb’s cycle pyruvic acid must go through the ___________________ factory.

Click Forward to pg. 20, 21, 22 and 23 after doing Exercises and Review

The oxygen debt is paid off by making more __________, ___________,
____________ and ____________.

Click Forward to pg. 24 after doing Exercise

Two types of muscle fibers are ________ (color) and ___________.

Click Forward to pg. 25 after doing Exercise

List three characteristics of white fibers:
____________________
____________________
____________________

List three characteristics of red fibers.
____________________
____________________
____________________

Click Forward to pg. 26 after doing Exercise

White fibers are good for ___________________________(function).

Click Forward to pg. 27 after doing Exercise

Red fibers use __________as a food source in addition to glucose for making ATP.

Click Forward to pg. 28 after doing Exercise

Red fibers are good for ___________________________(functions).

Click Forward to pg. 29 after doing Exercise

Distance runners have more _______(color) fibers than sprinters.

Click Forward to pg. 30 after doing Exercise and Review

Click on Far Right Arrow to Return to Menu

Click on Contraction of Motor Units

Click Forward to pg. 2 and 3 after doing Exercises

Motor neurons originate from the spinal cord and divide into many _______ that supply muscle fibers with innervation.

Click Forward to pg. 4 after doing Exercise

If one increases muscle power, the central and somatic nervous systems must stimulate more ____________.

Click Forward to pg. 5 after doing Exercise

Having fewer muscle cells per unit results in ______________(function).

Click Forward to pg. 6 and 7 after doing Exercises

The quads have ___________-unit (multi, single, or quadratic - choose one) control.

Click Forward to pg. 8 after doing Exercise

Minute contractions which result in muscle firmness defines muscle _________.

Click Forward to pg. 9 after doing Exercise

Deinnervation paralysis occurs when lower (those from the spinal cord to the muscles)_________neurons (functional type) are cut or destroyed. Muscles become __________ (state of softness and wasting away).

Click Forward to pg.10 after doing Exercise and Review

Click on Far Right Arrow and return to Menu

Click on Contraction of Whole Muscle

Click to pg. 2, 3 and 4 after doing Exercises

A stimulus of ______volts was applied to the muscle.

Click Forward to pg. 5 after doing Exercise

The three phases of a muscle twitch are:
_______________
_______________
_______________

Click Forward to pg. 6 after doing Exercise

Quickly applying a second stimulus before the relaxation phase has ended, ___________(decreases, increases or stabilizes) the muscle force.

Click Forward to pg. 7 after doing Exercise

Explain why the contraction force increases here.
__________________________________________________________

Click Forward to pg. 8, 9, 10 and 11 after doing Exercises

Increasing stimuli while allowing the muscle to relax, produces a
____________(twitch, treppe or tetanus). Increased heat and enzyme activity increase power.

More rapid stimulation still, produces a __________(twitch, treppe or tetanus). If relaxation occur the contraction is said to be a _________. _________. If no relaxations can be seen the contraction  is a _________ _________. At this time more ______ ions are available.
Muscle fatigue happens when:
__________________________   and
__________________________

Click Forward to pg.12, 13, 14, 15,16, and 17 and Review

Click Quit