**Students are expected to learn the formal, scientific names of Kingdoms, Phyla and Divisions; for Classes and lower categories, common names may be used. This is the classification used and preferred by me. Other instructors teaching this course may use alternate classifications. Consult your instructor if in doubt. AJP
Group name Examples
Domain Bacteria (Eubacteria)
Kingdoms ??
bacteria: E. coli, Streptococcus, Treponema, Rhizobium
(classification remains poorly understood.)
cyanobacteria (photosynthetic prokaryotes)
3 shapes:
coccus, bacillus, spirillum Anabaena,
Gleocapsa,
Oscillatoria
Domain Archaea (Archeobacteria)
Kingdoms ??
(Diverse prokaryotes adapted to extreme environments: salt ponds,
hot springs, rock crevices
deep in the earth.)
Domain Eukarya (eukaryotic organisms)
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Porifera sponges, Grantia
Phylum Cnidaria
Cl. hydroids
Hydra, Obelia
Cl. jellyfishes
Cl. corals & sea anemones
sea fans
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Cl. planarians
Dugesia (Planaria)
Cl. flukes
Schistosoma,
liver
fluke
Cl. tapeworms
Taenia
Phylum Nematoda
Ascaris,
pinworm,
hookworms,
heartworm
filarial
worms, Trichinella,
soil
nematodes.
Phylum Rotifera
Phylum Mollusca
Cl. chitons
Cl. bivalves
clams, mussels
Cl. gastropods
snails, slugs
Cl. cephalopods
giant squid, Loligo,
Octopus,
Nautilus
Phylum Annelida
Cl. polychaetes
sandworm, featherduster worm
Cl. earthworms
nightcrawlers
Cl. leeches
medicinal
leech (see for fun)
Phylum Arthropoda,
(more)
Subphylum Trilobita
Cl. trilobites
Subphylum Crustacea
Cl. barnacles
barnacles
Cl. shrimps
shrimps, crayfish, lobsters
Subphylum Chelicerata,
(more),
(sys.)
Cl. horseshoe
crabs
horseshoe crab, Eurypterida,
(scorpions
?)
Cl. arachnids
spiders,
daddy-long-legs, ticks,
(scorpions
?)
Subphylum Uniramia,
(sys.)
Cl. centipedes
Cl. millipedes
Cl. insects
beetles,
flies,
grasshoppers,
cockroaches,
bees
& wasps, moths
& butterflies
Phylum Echinodermata
(mo.)
(l.h.)
(sys.)
Cl. crinoids
sea lilies
Cl. sea
stars
"starfish"
Cl. brittle
stars
Cl. sea
urchins (n.h.)
sea urchins, sand dollars
Cl. sea
cucumbers
sea cucumbers
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Urochordata
tunicates, sea squirts
Subphylum Cephalochordata
lancelets
Subphylum Vertebrata
Cl. jawless fishes
lampreys
(more),
hagfish
Cl. cartilaginous
fishes (mor.)
sharks,
rays
Cl. ray-finned
fishes (sys),
(mor.)
perch, catfish
Cl. lobe-finned fishes
lungfishes,
coelacanth,
(UCMP)
Cl. amphibians
Order salamanders
newts
Order frogs
toads
? Cl. "mammal-like
reptiles"
Cl.
Mammals (more)
Subcl. Monotremes
Order egg-laying
mammals
platypus, echidna
Subcl. Marsupials
Order marsupials
{possibly 4-5 orders}
opossum, kangaroos, koala
Subcl. Placental
mammals
Order insectivores
shrews, moles, hedgehogs
Order bats
(more)
(more)
Order primates
lemurs, monkeys,
apes,
humans
Order rodents
rats, squirrels, girbils
Order carnivores
(more)
(more)
dogs, cats, sabretooths
Order elephants
Order odd-toed
ungulates
horses,
Rhinoceros,
tapirs
Order even-toed
ungulates (more)
cattle, sheep, antelopes, pigs
Order whales (more)
blue whale, humpback whale, sperm whale,
dolphins
Cl. turtles,
(more)
diapsid
reptiles
Cl. crocodilians
Alligator,
crocodiles, caimans
? Cl. dinosaurs (incl. birds)
? SubClass Bird-hipped dinos.
Triceratops, duck-billed dinosaurs
? SubClass Lizard-hipped dinos.
Tyrannosaurus,
Velociraptor
? SubClass
birds
(more)
Order ratites
ostrich, emu, rhea
Order chicken-like birds
chicken, turkey, pheasants, quail, grouse
Order penguins
Order ducks
geese, swans
Order hawks
falcons, eagles, old-world vultures
Order storks
ibises, herons, egrets, new-world vultures
Order pigeons
doves
Order parrots
parakeets
Order hummingbirds
Order woodpeckers
flicker
Order passerines
sparrows, thrushes, swallows, finches, etc.
Cl. pterosaurs
(also)
Pteranodon
Cl. lizards & snakes
iguanas, garter snakes
Kingdom Plantae
Non-Vascular
Phylum Bryophyta
mosses, Sphagnum (bogs)
Vascular
Non-Seed Plants
Phylum Lycophyta
(l.h.)
(mor.)
club mosses
Phylum Sphenophyta
(horsetails)
Equisetum
Phylum Pterophyta
(ferns)
Christmas fern, bracken
Seed
Plants
fossil
seed plants
Phylum Cycadophyta
cycads
Phylum Ginkgophyta
(ginkgoes)
Ginkgo
biloba (maidenhair tree)
Phylum Coniferophyta
(conifers)
pines, spruce, yew, juniper
Phylum Anthophyta
(flowering
plants, angiosperms)
Cl. Monocots
Order
grasses
bluegrass, wheat,
corn, barley, rye,
Order
lilies
Gladiolus, Iris, daffodils, tulips,
onions, garlic
Order
orchids
Order
palms
coconut,
date
Cl. Dicots
Order
roses
peach, apple, strawberry, etc.
Order
beans
peas, peanuts
Order
carnations
carnations, cactuses
Order
mustards
cabbage, broccoli, radish
Order
nightshades
tomato, potato, tobacco
Order
asters
sunflower, daisy, coneflower, Chrysanthemum
Order
beeches
beech, oaks, chestnuts
Order
walnuts
pecans
(more
on difference betw. monocots & dicots)
Kingdom Fungi
Phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids)
Phylum Zygomycota (black bread molds)
Rhizopus
Phylum Ascomycota (sac fungi)
Penicillium, Neurospora, yeasts, morels, truffles
Phylum Basidiomycota (club fungi)
mushrooms, bracket fungi, wheat
rust, corn
smut (also)
Phylum Deuteromycota ("imperfect" fungi) lichens
Kingdom (?) Protista (alternate
classification at UCMP)
(see also Baldauf, et al. 2000. A Kingdom-level Phylogeny of
Eukaryotes Based on
Combined Protein Data. Science 290: 972-977.)
Protozoans
Phylum amoeboids
Amoeba, foraminferans
Phylum ciliates
Paramecium
Phylum flagellates
Phylum sporozoans
Plasmodium (causes malaria)
Algae
Phylum green algae
Spirogyra, Volvox
Phylum euglenoids
Euglena
Phylum diatoms
Phylum dinoflagellates
Phylum red algae
Phylum brown
algae
Fucus, kelp, sargasso
Phylum slime molds
